Interpretability on The Standard Errorhttps://jongha-jeon-dev.github.io/standarderror/tags/interpretability/Recent content in Interpretability on The Standard ErrorHugo -- 0.123.7en-gbTue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000ML 11: Resample the Rows and the Tree Tells a Different Storyhttps://jongha-jeon-dev.github.io/standarderror/lectures/ml-11-tree-stability/Mon, 12 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000https://jongha-jeon-dev.github.io/standarderror/lectures/ml-11-tree-stability/A decision tree is valued because it can be read. Refit on bootstrap resamples of the same data, its accuracy holds still and almost everything a reader would read off it moves.ML 16: Permutation Importance Measures the Model, Not What the Data Needhttps://jongha-jeon-dev.github.io/standarderror/lectures/ml-16-permutation/Mon, 12 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000https://jongha-jeon-dev.github.io/standarderror/lectures/ml-16-permutation/Shuffle a column and see how much worse the model does: it is the importance episode 12 recommended. It answers a narrower question than it seems to, on rows the shuffle invented.ML 17: Partial Dependence Asks the Model About Rows That Do Not Existhttps://jongha-jeon-dev.github.io/standarderror/lectures/ml-17-pdp/Mon, 12 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000https://jongha-jeon-dev.github.io/standarderror/lectures/ml-17-pdp/A partial dependence plot is read as a feature's effect. With correlated inputs it is an average over combinations that never occur, and on a simulation with a known effect a forest's shows about a third of it.ML 18: A SHAP Value Is an Answer to "Compared With What?"https://jongha-jeon-dev.github.io/standarderror/lectures/ml-18-shapley/Mon, 12 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000https://jongha-jeon-dev.github.io/standarderror/lectures/ml-18-shapley/Shapley values split a prediction among its features fairly and uniquely — relative to a reference that the theory leaves to you. Computed exactly, the choice changes the story for most predictions.ML 48: What a Model Relies On Is Not What to Changehttps://jongha-jeon-dev.github.io/standarderror/lectures/ml-48-intervention/Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000https://jongha-jeon-dev.github.io/standarderror/lectures/ml-48-intervention/Importance and what-if analyses describe the model. In a system with a common cause and a downstream signal, the feature the model relied on most did nothing when changed, and the real lever ranked no higher than a feature with no effect.